Intranasal alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists and corticosteroids as medical treatments for nasal congestion (2024)

Yifan Dai ^{* 1}

¹ Shanghai Foreign Language School Affiliated to SISU Hangzhou

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Abstract

Nasal congestion has been a longstanding issue which exerts burdens on both individual patients and society as a whole. It arises from various underlying illnesses like nasal polyposis, rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis and rhinitis medicamentosa, but the fundamental mechanism of induced nasal congestion is nasal mucosa’s swelling as a result of inflammation in all of these cases. Among all the therapies currently available, intranasal sprays of alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists or corticosteroids appeared to be prominent options. After reviewing research on treatments extensively, limited studies focused on the comparison of α-adrenergic agonists and corticosteroids. This research explores the mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of these two medical approaches. Intranasal alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist sprays target the smooth muscles for vasoconstriction, acting rapidly to give way to airflow. They are effective as a treatment for short-term nasal congestion, otherwise, continued use may lead to rhinitis medicamentosa. Corticosteroid sprays, on the other hand, aim to reduce the severity of nasal inflammation via suppression of pro-inflammatory molecules. They are a promising treatment barely with concerns about the occurrence of side effects, authenticated by their excellent pharmaceutical performance over years.

Keywords

Nasal congestion, Alpha-adrenergic Receptor agonists, Corticosteroids, Rhinitis medicamentosa.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Volume Title

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modern Medicine and Global Health

ISBN (Print)

978-1-83558-237-4

ISBN (Online)

978-1-83558-238-1

Published Date

20 December 2023

Series

Theoretical and Natural Science

ISSN (Print)

2753-8818

ISSN (Online)

2753-8826

DOI

10.54254/2753-8818/27/20240740

Copyright

20 December 2023

Open Access

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited